As a lifelong hunter and firearms enthusiast, I’ve always been fascinated by the elegance and craftsmanship of classic American shotguns. Few names evoke that feeling quite like Fox double barrel shotguns. The fox shotgun history is a compelling story of innovation, quality, and ultimately, a shift in manufacturing that impacted the American shooting sports landscape. This article will delve into the history of these beautiful firearms, covering key models like the Fox 410 side by side, the connection to Parker shotguns, and even the legendary “Bo Whoop” shotgun, offering insights for collectors, hunters, and anyone interested in American gunmaking heritage.
The Genesis of Fox: From Parker to a New Era
The story of Fox shotguns begins, surprisingly, with the Parker Gun Company. Parker, renowned for its high-grade, bespoke shotguns, faced financial difficulties in the early 20th century. In 1928, the Remington Arms Company acquired Parker, but rather than continue producing the expensive, hand-fitted Parker guns, Remington decided to leverage Parker’s designs and skilled workforce to create a more affordable, yet still high-quality, double shotgun. This led to the birth of the Fox Gun Company. Hunting regulations and firearm use have evolved significantly since the Fox’s inception, but the guns themselves remain popular.
The Influence of Parker Shotgun History
It’s crucial to understand the deep connection between Parker shotgun history and Fox. Many of the original Parker gunmakers were employed by Fox, bringing with them their expertise and techniques. Early Fox guns, particularly those produced in the 1930s, closely resembled Parker shotguns in terms of design and quality. However, Fox guns were manufactured using a more streamlined, semi-mass production process, which allowed for lower prices. This wasn’t necessarily a detriment to quality; many Foxes are exceptionally well-made and durable. The Parker influence is most evident in the action design, which is a modified version of the Parker action.
Key Fox Models: A Collector's Overview
Over its production run, Fox produced a variety of models, each with its own characteristics and appeal. Here’s a look at some of the most significant:
- Model A: The first Fox model, introduced in 1928. It was available in 12 and 16 gauge, and later in 20 gauge. Early Model A guns are highly sought after by collectors.
- Model B: Introduced in 1934, the Model B was a more refined version of the Model A, with improved aesthetics and features.
- Model C: A lower-grade model introduced in 1938, designed to compete with other affordable double shotguns on the market.
- Fox 410 Side by Side: Perhaps the most iconic Fox model, the 410 side by side is beloved by small game hunters and collectors alike. Its compact size and light recoil make it ideal for beginners and experienced shooters.
- Fox Sterlingworth: A higher-grade model introduced in the 1930s, featuring more elaborate engraving and better-quality wood.
The Allure of the Fox 410 Side by Side
The Fox 410 side by side holds a special place in the hearts of many shooters. Its simplicity, reliability, and affordability have made it a popular choice for decades. These shotguns are particularly well-suited for hunting small game like rabbits, squirrels, and birds. The 410 bore is known for its low recoil, making it a comfortable option for shooters of all ages and experience levels. However, it's important to note that the 410 bore has limited range and stopping power compared to larger gauges. Responsible hunting practices are paramount when using any firearm.
The "Bo Whoop" Shotgun: Myth and Reality
The term “Bo Whoop shotgun” is often associated with Fox shotguns, particularly the Model B. The origin of the name is somewhat murky, but it’s believed to have originated in the Southern United States during the 1930s and 40s. The story goes that the shotgun’s report was so loud and distinctive that it sounded like someone yelling “Bo Whoop!” While the name is largely anecdotal, it has become synonymous with the Fox Model B and adds to its mystique. It’s important to note that the sound characteristics of a shotgun are influenced by many factors, including the length of the barrel, the type of ammunition used, and the surrounding environment.
Identifying and Dating a Fox Shotgun
Accurately identifying and dating a Fox shotgun is crucial for collectors and anyone interested in its history. Here are some key things to look for:
- Serial Number: The serial number is located on the bottom of the receiver. Remington records can sometimes be used to determine the year of manufacture, although these records are not always complete.
- Model Markings: The model name (e.g., Model A, Model B, Fox 410) is typically stamped on the receiver.
- Gauge Markings: The gauge of the shotgun (e.g., 12 gauge, 20 gauge, .410 bore) is also marked on the receiver.
- Barrel Length: Barrel length varies depending on the model and intended use.
- Choke Markings: Choke markings indicate the degree of constriction at the end of the barrel, which affects the spread of the shot.
Resources like the Remington website (as the successor to Fox) and specialized gun forums can provide valuable information for identification and dating.
Assessing Value: Factors Influencing Price
The value of a Fox shotgun can vary significantly depending on several factors:
- Model: Rare or desirable models, such as early Model A guns and high-grade Sterlingworths, command higher prices.
- Condition: Shotguns in excellent condition, with original finish and minimal wear, are worth more than those in poor condition.
- Gauge: 12 gauge shotguns are generally more common and therefore less valuable than 16 or 20 gauge models.
- Barrel Length: Certain barrel lengths may be more desirable to collectors or hunters.
- Originality: Shotguns that retain their original components and finish are more valuable than those that have been modified or restored.
- Engraving: Elaborate engraving increases value.
Consulting with a qualified gun appraiser is recommended for an accurate valuation. Online auction sites and gun marketplaces can provide a general idea of current market prices.
Caring for Your Fox Shotgun: Preservation and Maintenance
Proper care and maintenance are essential for preserving the value and functionality of your Fox shotgun. Here are some tips:
- Regular Cleaning: Clean the barrel, receiver, and other components after each use to remove powder residue and prevent corrosion.
- Proper Storage: Store the shotgun in a dry, secure location, away from extreme temperatures and humidity.
- Lubrication: Apply a light coat of gun oil to protect metal surfaces from rust.
- Professional Inspection: Have the shotgun inspected by a qualified gunsmith periodically to ensure it is in safe working order.
- Safe Handling: Always follow safe gun handling practices. The USDA Forest Service provides excellent resources on firearm safety.
The Legacy Continues
The fox shotgun history is a testament to American ingenuity and craftsmanship. While Fox Gun Company ceased production in 1948, these shotguns continue to be cherished by collectors and hunters alike. Whether you’re a seasoned collector or simply appreciate the beauty of classic firearms, a Fox double barrel shotgun is a piece of American history worth preserving. Understanding the nuances of each model, from the common Fox 410 side by side to the storied “Bo Whoop” shotgun, allows us to appreciate the legacy of these remarkable firearms. For further reading on classic firearms, check out our article on Classic American Hunting Rifles.